Empire State Review Team 
Colossal Biosciences Advances Genetic Engineering in Mice for De-Extinction Efforts
WASHINGTON – Colossal Biosciences has made significant strides in its quest to recreate characteristics of extinct species by genetically engineering living organisms. This week, the firm announced the successful editing of seven genes in mice embryos, resulting in the creation of mice with long, thick, woolly hair reminiscent of the woolly mammoth.
Key Findings from the Research
The newly developed mice, dubbed “Colossal woolly mice,” are part of Colossal’s broader initiative aimed at restoring ancient species traits through innovative genetic modifications. Results from these experiments were shared online but have yet to undergo independent scientific validation.
Research Methodology
- Colossal’s scientists utilized DNA databases to identify specific genes associated with hair texture and fat metabolism.
- They combined these traits, which already exist in certain mouse populations, to engineer a single mouse with the desired characteristics.
- These genetic adjustments are intended to mimic adaptations likely found in woolly mammoths that allowed them to thrive in frigid environments during their existence on the prehistoric Arctic steppe.
The Bigger Picture in Genetic Engineering
While genetic engineering of mice has been practiced since the 1970s, advancements in technology such as CRISPR have streamlined the process. Vincent Lynch, a biologist at the University of Buffalo, remarked on the significance of this technological advancement, stating, “It is technologically pretty cool.”
Colossal’s Vision and Future Steps
Following its initial announcement in 2021 about a project to bring the woolly mammoth and potentially the dodo bird back to life, Colossal Biosciences has concentrated its efforts on pinpointing essential traits from ancient DNA. CEO Ben Lamm emphasized the goal of “genetically engineering them into living animals.”
Conservation Perspectives
However, the approach has drawn mixed responses from the scientific community regarding its effectiveness in conservation. Christopher Preston, an expert on wildlife and environment from the University of Montana, expressed skepticism, noting, “You’re not actually resurrecting anything — you’re not bringing back the ancient past.” Others share concerns that modifying the genetics of current species, like Asian elephants, does not equate to genuinely reviving the woolly mammoth.
Next Phases of Research
Colossal plans to evaluate whether the techniques used on the mice can be applied to the embryos of Asian elephants, known to be the closest living relatives of woolly mammoths. Given their endangered status, moving forward will involve navigating extensive regulatory hurdles.
Broader Implications
The ongoing refinement of gene-editing technologies not only holds potential for de-extinction projects but may also have applications in areas such as conservation and agriculture. Bhanu Telugu, a biotechnology expert at the University of Missouri, highlighted the innovative advancements in gene-targeting methods that could eventually be adapted to combat diseases in humans.
Colossal’s initiatives reflect an intersection of scientific inquiry and commercial innovation, as the company works towards monetizing its research efforts. “It’s part of how we monetize our business,” explained CEO Ben Lamm.
Conclusion
The journey to engineer traits reminiscent of extinct species using modern technology is both ambitious and contested. As Colossal pursues its path, the implications of these developments on wildlife conservation and genetic engineering continue to unfold.
Source: This article summarizes information from a report by Colossal Biosciences, excerpts from statements by the company’s chief scientist Beth Shapiro and CEO Ben Lamm, and insights from independent experts.
