What Are the Eta Aquarids?

The Eta Aquarids meteor shower is named after the constellation Aquarius, from which the meteors appear to emanate. This annual event is a highlight for astronomy enthusiasts as it originates from debris left behind by Halley’s Comet, which makes its close approach to Earth approximately every 75 years.

Performance and Speed

According to NASA, these meteors are notably fast, traveling at speeds exceeding 40 miles per second. Bill Cooke, NASA’s meteor expert, emphasizes that these meteors leave behind glowing trails, which can linger for several minutes post-appearance.

Timing of the Shower

The Eta Aquarids shower commenced on April 19 and is active until May 28. This year’s peak visibility will occur between the nights of May 5 and 6, making it an excellent time for skywatching under optimal conditions.

During this peak, viewers can expect to see around 10 to 15 meteors per hour in the Northern Hemisphere, provided the weather is clear. The best viewing times are typically in the pre-dawn hours when the moon is low, thus minimizing light interference.

Visibility Factors

This year, a waxing gibbous moon will be approximately 60% full, which may slightly hinder the visibility of the meteors. While the Eta Aquarids can be observed from both the Northern and Southern Hemispheres, the Southern Hemisphere generally offers a more favorable view with potential hourly meteor rates reaching up to 50.

For the best experience, find a location away from city lights and keep your eyes adjusted to the dark—avoid looking at bright screens, as this can hinder your ability to spot meteors.

What Causes Meteor Showers?

Meteor showers, including the Eta Aquarids, occur when Earth passes through the debris trails left by comets or asteroids. As these particles enter the atmosphere at high speeds, they heat up and disintegrate, creating the effect known as shooting stars.

Upcoming Astronomical Events

Following the Eta Aquarids, sky-gazers can look forward to the next major meteor shower, the Southern Delta Aquarids, which will peak in late July. Additionally, the full Moon of May, referred to as the Flower Moon, will reach its peak illumination on May 12.