Study Overview

The research, which spans an impressive 18 years and includes over 24,000 participants with an average starting age of 71, reveals that individuals who are unmarried—whether widowed, divorced, or never married—may have nearly a 50% reduced risk of developing dementia in comparison to their married counterparts. This study has been published in Alzheimer’s & Dementia: The Journal of the Alzheimer’s Association.

Factors Contributing to Cognitive Health

Experts suggest that while marriage provides valuable companionship, it may also introduce stressors that could adversely affect cognitive well-being over time. Dr. Nava Silton, a psychology professor at Marymount Manhattan College, notes that:

“Married people might have additional financial strain and marital strain, and those types of things can be problematic.”

Such chronic stress—whether financial, emotional, or relational—has been linked to negative impacts on cognitive function.

Social Dynamics at Play

Marriage may reduce social engagement. According to Dr. Silton, married individuals often find their social networks narrowing, while unmarried individuals frequently pursue broader social interactions and diverse hobbies—both critical for maintaining brain health.

“Singles might have more varied social networks. They might pursue unique experiences. They might take better care of their health.”

Understanding the Implications

It is important to recognize that the study does not imply a straightforward causative link between marriage and dementia. In fact, those who are married may have partners who are more likely to recognize early signs of cognitive decline and seek medical advice, which could lead to higher rates of diagnosis.

The findings emphasize the significance of emotional wellness and quality of life, with Dr. Silton underscoring the value of personal happiness:

“Happiness is incredibly important for physical and psychological health.”

Maintaining Cognitive Sharpness

Regardless of marital status, Dr. Silton recommends that individuals prioritize their physical, mental, and social well-being as they age. Suggested activities to help maintain cognitive health include:

• Regular physical exercise
• Staying connected with friends and family
• Engaging in mentally stimulating activities, such as puzzles

She advises that even brief daily physical activity can yield substantial benefits, stating, “I’d also highly recommend staying physically and mentally active—whether that’s 20 minutes a day in the gym or in your home.”